The baronial revolt and its suppression
The baronial revolt and its suppression Suddenly, a few weeks later, a rumour went forth that the king was dead, and the barons at once broke into revolt.…
第五章
CHAPTER V. examines the early disappointments of Stephen’s reign, the influx of foreign mercenaries, and culminates in the Scottish invasion of 1138 and the famous Battle of the Standard near Northallerton.…
Stephen Disappoints His Supporters
Those who had hoped Stephen would prove “such another king as Henry” were doomed to disappointment, as betrayed by his early breaking of popular pledges.
Forest Laws and Foreign Mercenaries
Stephen broke his most popular charter pledge by holding a forest assize at Brampton in 1136 after defeating Baldwin of Redvers, a poor omen for his reign.…
Stephen in Normandy
Stephen’s chief counsellor, William of Ypres, a Flemish soldier of fortune, drew the wrath of English and Norman barons alike through his dangerous influence.
Peace in England During Stephen’s Absence
In 1137 England remained peaceful under Bishop Roger of Salisbury and his nephews while Stephen, accompanied by William of Ypres, spent the year in Normandy.
Scottish Invasion Threatened
In Normandy, Stephen arranged an alliance with his brother Theobald, obtained French royal sanction for his ducal tenure, and sought to secure the duchy against internal treason a…
David Demands Northumberland
A threatened Scottish invasion after Easter was averted when Archbishop Thurstan of York persuaded King David to accept a truce until Advent, when Stephen was expected to return.
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