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アウグスティヌスは、この推論を著名なプラトン主義哲学者プロティノスの証言に訴えることで強化する。プロティノスは、祝福を受けた不死の魂たちが自分自身を超えた源——神である可知的な光——から照らしと喜びを得ていると繰り返し主張する。彼は魂を太陽から光を受ける月にたとえ、同様に理性的魂は神の光から照らされるとする。プロティノスは結論づける。知的魂に優る本性は神御自身以外には存在しないと——神は世界と魂の両方の創造者である。この教えは聖書の証言と調和している。そこでは洗礼者ヨハネが、すべての人を照らす真の光から自分自身を区別している。ヨハネはその光ではなく、それに対する証をしに来たものである。真の光は別の者であり、すべての光がそれから発する者である。プラトン主義者たちが虚栄や大衆的な誤りによって導かれていなかったなら、彼らは天使にも人間にも等しく、唯一の神を礼拝することが祝福にとって不可欠であることを認めたことであろう。彼らは、祝福を受けた不死の者たちも惨めな死すべき者も、神々の神である ours なる方を崇敬することなしには、幸せな状態を維持することも也不能 acquire することも不可能であることを告白したことであろう。
議論は次に犠牲の性質に向けられ、アウグスティヌスはそれを神への礼拝の特殊的かつ明確な形態として特定する。彼は、犠牲は唯一の真の神にのみささげられるべきだと主張する。真の神と見做さない者に犠牲を捧げることを敢えてする者はいない。この慣行はカインとアベルの時代にまで遡るほど古いが、アウグスティヌスは説明する。 神は物質的な供物を必要とされない——家畜も地上的なものも、さらには神御自身の利益のために必要とするものとして考えられる人間の義さえも。詩篇の著者は、神は私たちの善さを必要とされないと宣言する。神に捧げられる正しい礼拝は神にではなく人間に利益をもたらす。古い契約の犠牲はそれ自体目的ではなく、見えない霊的現実を指し示す可见の象徴であった。神が望んでいたのは獣の肉ではなく、砕かれた心と謙遜な霊、慈悲と正義の業であった。物質的な犠牲は過ぎ去る定められていた聖なる象徴——聖礼典——であり、それらが意味するものが完全に啓示されたときに消滅することになっていた。預言者たちは繰り返し、神は犠牲よりも慈悲を、焼燔の供物よりも正義を要求されることを強調した。真の犠牲は砕かれた霊、悔い改めの悲しみにおいて謙められた心である。
この基盤の上に立って、アウグスティヌスは真の完全なる捧げ物についての包括的な理解を展開する。彼は、真の捧げ物とは、神との聖い交わりにおいて私たちを神へと結びつけるすべての業であり、真に幸福でありうる唯一の至上の善へ向けて向けられたものだと主張する。他者に対して行われるすべての慈悲の業は、神のために提供されるとき捧げ物となる。神に献げられ神に仕えるために聖別された人間は、世界に死に神のために生きることで捧げ物となる。身体そのものは、節制によって訓練され義の器として神に献げられるとき捧げ物となる。魂は自分を神に献じ神的爱によって燃えるとき地上的欲望の醜さを失い、永遠の美の像に再造される。贖われた共同体全体――普遍教会――こそ、私たちのために自分を献げた大祭司なるキリストを通して神に献じられる最も尊い捧げ物となる。祭壇の秘跡において、教会は 끊え間なくこの捧げ物を記念し、祭司と供物双方であるキリストを通して自分を献げることを学ぶ。
この理解は、人間の崇拝に対する聖なる天使たちの心構えを照らし出す。これらの祝福された霊たちは天上の住処に留まり、創造主の満ちあふれるものとの交わりにおいて喜び満たされているが、哀れな死すべき者である私たちを憐れみと優しい配慮的目光を持って見下ろす。彼らは私たちが不死で幸福になるのを望み therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore therefore 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The original text of this work is in the public domain. This page focuses on a guided summary article, reading notes, selected quotes, and visual learning materials for educational purposes.